Recently, the Plant Immunity Research Team from the College of Plant Protection at Northwest A&F University published a significant research finding in the prestigious internationalournal *PNAS*, titled "Stripe rust fungus subverts wheat phase separation–mediated immunity to promote infection." This study innovatively elucidates how the wheat stripe rust fungus achieves immune evasion bsrupting the liquid-liquid phase separation of host proteins. This discovery lays a solid theoretical foundation for wheat rust resistance breeding and provides precise molecular breeding targets.

Arsenic is a Group 1 carcinogen, threatening hundreds of millions of people worldwide due to arsenic-contaminated soil and groundwater; as the staple ood in Asia, rice is a major source of dietary arsenic exposure. Arsenate (AsV) is a chemical analog of phosphate and shares transporters from the rice ly; previous attempts to regulate related genes have disrupted phosphate uptake and led to yield losses. The development of genetically modified low-arsenic rice is restricted by regional policies, and existing ting targets (such as OsLsi2) suffer from defects including impaired silicon uptake and reduced stress tolerance. Meanwhile, a certain amount of AsV exists in the rice rhiphere due to oxygen release, but its specific transport mechanism remains unclear; there is an urgent need to identify key genes that mediate AsV uptake with minimal impact on phosphate.

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies globally, affecting over one billion people. As the staple food for aproximately 50% of the world's population, rice grains generally have low iron content, and their absorption by the human body is limited, making populations dependent on rice more susceptn deficiency. Plants primarily absorb Fe²⁺ or Fe³⁺ from the soil through their root systems. Although rice has evolved multiple iron absorption mechanisms, iron uptake and translocation remain restder specific conditions, such as low nitrate levels. Previous studies have shown that OsNAR2.1 is a nitrate transporter partner protein that primarily assists the high-affi transporter OsNRT2.1; its overexpression can enhance nitrogen uptake efficiency and yield in rice. In contrast, OsNRAMP3 is a manganese transporter responsible for allocating ese to young leaves, and it has not previously been reported to possess iron transport capabilities

Cotton is one of the world's most important economic crops, serving not only as a primary raw material for the texte industry (cotton fibers) but also as a significant source of oil and protein feed from its seeds (cottonseeds). In cotton plants, developing seeds (ovuthe attached fibers are the two main "sink" organs that compete for carbohydrates (primarily sucrose) produced by "source" organs (leaves) through photosynthesis. Thce of carbon allocation between the ovule and fibers directly determines the yield and quality of cottonseeds (e.g., oil content) as well as the yield and quality of cott fibers (e.g., length, strength). However, a trade-off relationship often exists between seed development and fiber growth; how to synergistically improve these two important agronomic traits remains a core ge in cotton genetic breeding. Sugar transporters act as key "valves" regulating carbon allocation, with proteins of the SWEET (Sugars Will Eventually be Exported rter) family playing a cent